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Area Attractions There are six major towns Nicosia, the capital situated inland in the middle of the Mesaoria plain, and the 5 coastal towns of Limassol, Larnaca, Pafos, Kyrenia, and Famagusta. The latter two, in the north nad east respectively, have been under Turkish occupation since 1974 and are inaccessible to visitors. Nicosia has been the capital of Cyprus for 1000 years since the 10th century. The origins of Nicosia date from the Bronze Age and it has had a tumultuous history. The Mycenaeans brought their civilisation here, establishing the first Greek roots, thousands of years ago. Many others passed through, including Phoenician, Assyrians, Egyptians, Persians, Romans, Crusaders, Venetians, Ottomans and the British. The disciples of Christ walked this land. The splendour of Byzantium, founded by Constantine The Great at Constantinople, encompassed the island of Cyprus. The Lusignans made Nicosia a magnificent city with a Royal Palace and about fifty churches.